摘要
本研究評論個體自由主義者和社群主義者的環境觀，從中建構一個可以永續發展的整全環境模式。透過文獻分析勾勒出自由主義與社群主義的環境觀點及其限制。經由擴展個體自由主義與社群主義的有限視野，研究提出一個更能處理環境危機之整全環境觀。整全環境觀包含：要成為一個明智的消費者以及自願選擇簡單生活是起始策略；理解自然資本主義則為最終的環境安全之經濟系統；追求個人、社群與環境永續發展之較好生活方式則需建立一種永續文化的心態。這些是生態所有成員較佳的生活策略。最後，為追求永續社會，研究者建構出一套整全環境觀模式。
關鍵詞：環境危機、個體自由主義、社群主義、整全環境觀模式、永續社會
Abstract
This research evaluates individual-based liberal’s and communitarian’s environmental perspectives regarding a holistic environmental vision for a sustainable society. Using the literature review, this study delineates the main points and limitations of liberal and communitarian environmental views. To expand the limited vision of individual-based liberalism and communitarianism, this research explores a more holistic perspective, creating the following new vision for dealing with environmental crises: a) be an informed consumer and voluntarily choose a simpler, less-consumptive living style, b) recognize natural capitalism is most environmentally-safe economic system, c) accept a permaculture mindset as a better way of living to sustain individuals, communities, and the environment. Finally, the researcher creates a holistic environmental model for a sustainability society.
Keywords: Environmental Crises, Individual-based Liberalism, Communitarianism, Holistic Environmental Model, Sustainable Society.