摘 要
遠端腓骨骨折是踝關節常見的損傷，臨床上常採用骨板復位術或髓內釘復位術（intramedullary fixation, IMF）以促進骨骼癒合。為探討兩種手術方式的生物力學特性，本研究首先建立了一個 Weber-B 型腓骨骨折的有限元素模型，並模擬了骨板復位後的力學狀態。通過將模擬所得的各方向位移角度值與既有的大體研究結果進行比對，驗證了本研究建立之腓骨模型的準確性，證實其力學效應與真實人體腓骨相符。研究結果顯示，在骨板復位術的模擬中，各方向的位移角度均在人體實驗的誤差範圍內，表明該有限元素模型可信賴地用於後續的生物力學分析。進一步地，本研究比較了骨板復位術與 IMF 的復位效果，初步結果顯示兩種方法在提供骨折部位穩定性方面表現相似。本研究的驗證過程確保了所建立腓骨模型的臨床相關性，為後續更深入的生物力學研究，以及評估不同復位手術的優劣，提供了可靠的基礎和參考依據。
關鍵詞：遠端腓骨骨折、有限元素法、生物力學
Abstract
Distal fibular fractures are common ankle injuries, often treated with surgical fixation techniques such as plate fixation or intramedullary screw fixation (IMF) to facilitate bone healing. This study investigates the biomechanical characteristics of these two methods by developing a finite element model of a Weber-B type fibular fracture and simulating the mechanical response following plate fixation. Model accuracy was validated by comparing simulated displacement angles across multiple directions with data from cadaveric studies, confirming that the mechanical behavior closely mirrors that of the human fibula. Simulation results showed that displacement angles under plate fixation remained within the experimental error range, supporting the model’s reliability for subsequent biomechanical analysis. Furthermore, this study compared the reduction effects of plate fixation and IMF. Preliminary findings suggest that both techniques offer comparable stability at the fracture site. The validated model thus provides a clinically relevant foundation for further biomechanical research and for evaluating the relative merits of different fixation strategies.
Keywords: Distal fibular fractures, Finite element method, Biomechanics