摘要
COVID-19的疫情發生對社會、國家的各層面均影響巨大，本研究是以「旅館業」、「餐飲業」等深受影響的觀光業為研究對象，探討疫情期間各種政策或作法(如第三級疫情警戒的發佈、振興券的實施、疫苗施打的程度)對兩類觀光業的經營績效影響之顯著性，以做為未來若有其他類似疫情再發生的參考。本研究利用資料包絡分析法，就疫情發生前一年的2018年至財報能提供較完整與最新資料的2022年進行實證，有關結論如下：1.2020年發生COVID-19疫情確實對旅館業「全部公司」、「上櫃公司(含興櫃、公開發行)」的績效造成顯著不利影響。2.在實施三倍券或五倍券的政策下「第三級疫情警戒的發布，但有施打第二劑疫苗」、「施打第三劑疫苗」均未對觀光業的績效造成顯著影響。
關鍵詞：旅館業、餐飲業、觀光業、資料包絡分析法、經營績效、COVID-19疫情
Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic has had a huge impact on all levels of society, especially the tourism sector, including the hotel and catering industries. This study focuses on these two industries to examine how different policies or practices (such as the third-level epidemic alert, stimulus vouchers, and vaccination) have affected their performance during the epidemic. This research aims to provide insights for managing similar crises in the future. Using Data Envelopment Analysis, this study covers data from 2018 to 2022, allowing access to more complete and latest data. The relevant empirical conclusions are as follows: 1. The COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 significantly affected the performance of all hotel companies, including OTC-listed, ROTC, and IPO companies. 2. Despite the issuance of the third-level alert and the availability of the second and third vaccine doses, these measures, together with threefold and fivefold voucher policies, did not significantly impact the performance of tourism industry.
Keywords: Hotel industry, Catering industry, Tourism industry, Data envelopment analysis, Performance, COVID-19 epidemic