摘要
本文提出一套嵌入煞車能量回收之電動載具於非接觸式多模態饋電方向電力傳輸控制系統應用。此研究動機乃鑑於電動載具成為科技發展之主要趨勢，然而其續航力問題常造成使用者購買意願降低，另充電站建置亦為關鍵指標，如何有效利用空間與能源將成為一項重要課題。因此，本文提出一套電動載具行車慢速充電暨充電站快速感應充電系統，並予以審慎分析硬體電路架構與晶片模組原理且設計演算法程序。透過三相橋式換流器搭配馬達霍爾訊號偵測，並輔以微控制器回授機制控制功率晶體開關時序，另同步彈性調節系統回充增益以達成再生煞車功能。此外，本文所提之無線充電站系統可依據G2V、V2G與V2V三種充電模式選擇饋電方向，其應用無線通訊模組傳輸電網端及車載端資訊，提升充電便利性。依據實驗結果證明，此研究確實有效提高電動載具儲能裝置能量使用率及充電站電力彈性調度作用。
關鍵詞：無線充電站、煞車回充、人機介面、微控制器
Abstract
This study proposes the application of an electric vehicle with embedded regenerative braking in a multi-directional wireless power transmission control system. It employs a slow-charging system for electric vehicles while driving and a fast inductive charging system at charging stations, carefully analyzing the hardware circuit architecture and chip module principles, and designing algorithmic procedures. By using a three-phase bridge inverter combined with motor Hall signal detection, and supplemented by a microcontroller feedback mechanism to control the timing of power transistor switches, the system synchronously adjusts the regenerative gain to achieve regenerative braking functionality. Moreover, the wireless charging station system proposed in this study can select the appropriate feeding direction based on three charging modes—G2V, V2G, and V2V—using wireless communication modules to transmit information between the power grid and the vehicle, thereby enhancing the convenience of charging. According to experimental results, this study effectively improves the energy utilization rate of the energy storage device in electric vehicles and the flexible scheduling capabilities of the charging station’s electricity supply.
Keywords: Wireless Charging Station, Regenerative Braking, Human-Machine Interface, Microcontroller