摘要
本研究探討服務科學園區之物流業車輛路線問題。此物流業於不同的科學園區之廠商、保稅倉庫或工廠、及空海港間進行貨物運送，據初步了解，此車輛路線問題與一般車輛路線問題略有不同。就高科技產品而言，其具有高價值、或易破損或高精密等特性，故廠商對其貨物運送作業之要求較嚴謹，如要求物流業者使用氣墊車載運易破裂或高精密之產品、或使用溫控車載運需溫度控制之物品、或使用一般貨車載運一般貨物等。另外，因高科技產品具高價值與生命週期短等特性，故廠商較為重視供應鏈管理策略之應用，如上下游廠商間之專業分工及採用低存貨策略，使上下游廠商間之貨物運送頗為頻繁，即物流業所屬之車輛每每從部份廠商處收貨並送至其他廠商處、或為配合運具之出發時間與廠商之生產排程，廠商多會限制貨物送達目的地之時間、或因各廠商之待運貨物量多寡不一，使部份貨物須整車運輸與部份貨物須零擔運輸。故綜合上述所言，為規劃此物流業之車輛服務路線，至少須考量車輛種類不一、同時考量貨物收送、時間限制、以及整車運輸與零擔運輸等問題特性。而本研究則依問題特性直接構建數學模式，並自行設計例題進行模式驗證，依其求解結果顯示，此模式能求解全部測試例題之正確解。
關鍵詞：科學園區、物流業、車輛路線問題
Abstract
This paper explores the vehicle routing problem of logistics industry in science parks (VRPSP) in Taiwan. The logistics companies pick up and deliver the Hi–Tech products between different science parks, or between science parks and Hi–Tech companies, or between science parks and ports. In addition, these Hi–Tech products are usually high value, precision–manufactured, and fragile, so that trucks moving Hi–Tech products have to be very careful. Thus, the logistics company has to use the vehicles with air–bags or temperature–control to deliver Hi–Tech products. Moreover, Hi–Tech companies adopt the supply chain management (SCM) to manage the produce schedule, so the delivery time is constrained, and some products need full–truck–load (FTL) and some products need less–than–truck–load (LTL). Therefore, the characteristics of the VRPSP include multi type vehicles, time constraint, pickup and delivery, FTL and LTL. This paper has developed a model and has designed some test problems to verify the model. The computational results indicated that the model could effectively solve these test problems.
Keywords: Science Park, Logistics Industry, Vehicles Routing Problem